Synthesis and characterization of thermally stable lignosulfonamides
Authors:
- Karolina Komisarz,
- Tomasz M. Majka,
- Monika Kurczab,
- Krzysztof Pielichowski
Abstract
Lignin, a highly aromatic macromolecule building plant cells, and cellulose are two of the most commonly occurring natural polymers. Lignosulfonate is a grade of technical lignin, obtained as a by-product in the paper and wood pulping industries, a result of the used lignin isolation method, i.e., sulfite process. In this work, sodium lignosulfonate is used as a starting material to manufacture sulfonamide derivatives of lignin in a two-step modification procedure. Since this direction of the lignin modification is rather rarely investigated and discussed, it makes a good starting point to expand the state of knowledge and explore the properties of lignosulfonamides. Materials obtained after modification underwent characterization by FTIR, SS-NMR, WAXD, SEM, and TGA. Spectroscopic measurements confirmed the incorporation of dihexylamine into the lignin structure and the formation of lignosulfonamide. The crystalline structure of the material was not affected by the modification procedure, as evidenced by the WAXD, with only minute morphological changes of the surface visible on the SEM imaging. The obtained materials were characterized by improved parameters of thermal stability in relation to the raw material. As-prepared sulfonamide lignin derivatives with a potential application as a filler in biopolymeric composites may become a new class of functional, value-added, sustainable additives.
- Record ID
- CUT07c03728b2c549569505024123d61efd
- Publication categories
- ;
- Author
- Journal series
- Molecules, ISSN , e-ISSN 1420-3049, Biweekly
- Issue year
- 2022
- Vol
- 27
- No
- 21
- Pages
- [1-18]
- Article number
- 7231
- Other elements of collation
- fot.; schem.; tab.; wykr.; Bibliografia (na s.) - 14-18; Bibliografia (liczba pozycji) - 87; Oznaczenie streszczenia - Abstr.; Numeracja w czasopiśmie - Vol. 27, Iss. 21
- Keywords in English
- biocomposites, biopolymers, chemical modification, lignosulfonate, sulfonamides
- ASJC Classification
- DOI
- DOI:10.3390/molecules27217231 Opening in a new tab
- URL
- https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/27/21/7231 Opening in a new tab
- Language
- eng (en) English
- License
- Score (nominal)
- 140
- Score source
- journalList
- Score
- Publication indicators
- Additional fields
- Indeksowana w: Web of Science, Scopus
- Uniform Resource Identifier
- https://cris.pk.edu.pl/info/article/CUT07c03728b2c549569505024123d61efd/
- URN
urn:pkr-prod:CUT07c03728b2c549569505024123d61efd
* presented citation count is obtained through Internet information analysis, and it is close to the number calculated by the Publish or PerishOpening in a new tab system.