Humus acids in the digested sludge and their properties
Authors:
- Anna M. Anielak,
- Aneta Kłeczek
Abstract
Fulvic acids, alpha (α) humic acids, and hymatomelanic acids were extracted digested sludge in two Cracow sewage treatment plants: Kujawy and Płaszów. Their elemental composition was examined and micro pollution and ash content were determined. Based on the IR and UV-VIS spectrum, their similarities were determined with the occurring interactions with micro pollution. Strong correlations between the acids coming from different sources depending on the acid type and micro pollution accompanying them, depending on concentration, influence to a specific extent their IR and UV-VIS spectra. Absorption analysis in infrared constitutes a simple method for characterizing fulvic and humic acids from wastewater treatment plants. The extracted fulvic acids were characterized by moderate maturity, while humus acids were well developed. In the fermentation process, the N bond increases together with the level of humification of the humus acid. The characteristics of the extracted humus acids comply with other humic substances presented in the literature. Quantitative analysis showed that digested sludge contains, on average: FA from 5.07 to 5.30 g/kg dry matter, αHA from 59.22 to 74.72 g/kg dry matter, HMA from 20.31 to 43.66 g/kg dry matter. It was thus demonstrated that wastewater treatment, in particular digested sludge, constitutes an attractive source of humus acids with a wide range of applications in numerous areas, such as agriculture, ecological rehabilitation, environmental protection, animal breeding, aquaculture, veterinary as well as medicine and is a precious source of soil fertilizers.
- Record ID
- CUT4353f9ea0365489d9b9637125c4f1511
- Publication categories
- ;
- Author
- Journal series
- Materials, ISSN , e-ISSN 1996-1944, Biweekly
- Issue year
- 2022
- Vol
- 15
- No
- 4
- Pages
- [1-13]
- Article number
- 1475
- Other elements of collation
- fot.; schem.; tab.; wykr.; Bibliografia (na s.) - 12-13; Bibliografia (liczba pozycji) - 36; Oznaczenie streszczenia - Abstr.; Numeracja w czasopiśmie - Vol. 15, Iss. 4
- Keywords in English
- digested sludge, humus acids, fulvic acids, alpha (α) humic acids and hymatomelanic acids
- ASJC Classification
- DOI
- DOI:10.3390/ma15041475 Opening in a new tab
- URL
- https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/15/4/1475 Opening in a new tab
- Related project
- Innowacyjna i nisko energetyczna metoda usuwania związków azotu ze ścieków komunalnych. . Project leader at PK: , ,
- Language
- eng (en) English
- License
- Score (nominal)
- 140
- Score source
- journalList
- Score
- Publication indicators
- Additional fields
- Indeksowana w: Web of Science, Scopus
- Uniform Resource Identifier
- https://cris.pk.edu.pl/info/article/CUT4353f9ea0365489d9b9637125c4f1511/
- URN
urn:pkr-prod:CUT4353f9ea0365489d9b9637125c4f1511
* presented citation count is obtained through Internet information analysis, and it is close to the number calculated by the Publish or PerishOpening in a new tab system.