The influence of the material structure on the mechanical properties of geopolymer composites reinforced with short fibers obtained with additive technologies
Authors:
- Kinga Korniejenko,
- Pavel Kejzlar,
- Petr Louda
Abstract
Additive manufacturing technologies have a lot of potential advantages for construction application, including increasing geometrical construction flexibility, reducing labor costs, and improving efficiency and safety, and they are in line with the sustainable development policy. However, the full exploitation of additive manufacturing technology for ceramic materials is currently limited. A promising solution in these ranges seems to be geopolymers reinforced by short fibers, but their application requires a better understanding of the behavior of this group of materials. The main objective of the article is to investigate the influence of the microstructure of the material on the mechanical properties of the two types of geopolymer composites (flax and carbon-reinforced) and to compare two methods of production of geopolymer composites (casting and 3D printing). As raw material for the matrix, fly ash from the Skawina coal power plant (located at: Skawina, Lesser Poland, Poland) was used. The provided research includes mechanical properties, microstructure investigations with the use of scanning electron microscope (SEM), confocal microscopy, and atomic force microscope (AFM), chemical and mineralogical (XRD-X-ray diffraction, and XRF-X-ray fluorescence), analysis of bonding in the materials (FT-IR), and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy analysis (NMR). The best mechanical properties were reached for the sample made by simulating 3D printing process for the composite reinforced by flax fibers (48.7 MPa for the compressive strength and 9.4 MPa for flexural strength). The FT-IR, XRF and XRD results show similar composition of all investigated materials. NMR confirms the presence of SiO4 and AlO4 tetrahedrons in a three-dimensional structure that is crucial for geopolymer structure. The microscopy observations show a better coherence of the geopolymer made in additive technology to the reinforcement and equal fiber distribution for all investigated materials. The results show the samples made by the additive technology had comparable, or better, properties with those made by a traditional casting method.
- Record ID
- CUT2b357d6dceeb4509b5db79c8a3574d14
- Publication categories
- ;
- Author
- Journal series
- International Journal of Molecular Sciences, ISSN 1661-6596, e-ISSN 1422-0067, Biweekly
- Issue year
- 2022
- Vol
- 23
- No
- 4
- Pages
- [1-29]
- Article number
- 2023
- Other elements of collation
- rys.; tab.; wykr.; Bibliografia (na s.) - 26-29; Bibliografia (liczba pozycji) - 79; Oznaczenie streszczenia - Abstr.; Numeracja w czasopiśmie - Vol. 23, Iss. 4
- Substantive notes
- Topical Collection: Feature Papers in Materials Science
- Keywords in English
- geopolymer composite, flax fiber, carbon fiber, 3D printable geopolymer
- ASJC Classification
- ; ; ; ; ; ; ;
- DOI
- DOI:10.3390/ijms23042023 Opening in a new tab
- URL
- https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/23/4/2023 Opening in a new tab
- Language
- eng (en) English
- License
- Score (nominal)
- 140
- Score source
- journalList
- Score
- Publication indicators
- Additional fields
- Indeksowana w: Web of Science, Scopus
- Uniform Resource Identifier
- https://cris.pk.edu.pl/info/article/CUT2b357d6dceeb4509b5db79c8a3574d14/
- URN
urn:pkr-prod:CUT2b357d6dceeb4509b5db79c8a3574d14
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