The effect of surface treatment with isocyanate and aromatic carbodiimide of thermally expanded vermiculite used as a functional filler for polylactide-based composites
Authors:
- Mateusz Barczewski,
- Olga Mysiukiewicz,
- Aleksander Hejna,
- Radosław Biskup,
- Joanna Szulc,
- Sławomir Michałowski,
- Adam Piasecki,
- Arkadiusz Kloziński
Abstract
In this work, thermally expanded vermiculite (TE-VMT) was surface modified and used as a filler for composites with a polylactide (PLA) matrix. Modification of vermiculite was realized by simultaneous ball milling with the presence of two PLA chain extenders, aromatic carbodiimide (KI), and 4,4’-methylenebis(phenyl isocyanate) (MDI). In addition to analyzing the particle size of the filler subjected to processing, the efficiency of mechanochemical modification was evaluated by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The composites of PLA with three vermiculite types were prepared by melt mixing and subjected to mechanical, thermomechanical, thermal, and structural evaluation. The structure of composites containing a constant amount of the filler (20 wt%) was assessed using FTIR spectroscopy and SEM analysis supplemented by evaluating the final injection-molded samples’ physicochemical properties. Mechanical behavior of the composites was assessed by static tensile test and impact strength hardness measurements. Heat deflection temperature (HDT) test and dynamic thermomechanical analysis (DMTA) were applied to evaluate the influence of the filler addition and its functionalization on thermomechanical properties of PLA-based composites. Thermal properties were assessed by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), pyrolysis combustion flow calorimetry (PCFC), and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The use of filler-reactive chain extenders (CE) made it possible to change the vermiculite structure and obtain an improvement in interfacial adhesion and more favorable filler dispersions in the matrix. This translated into an improvement in impact strength and an increase in thermo-mechanical stability and heat release capacity of composites containing modified vermiculites.
- Record ID
- CUTa346203453ba41c8b3a846482c697558
- Publication categories
- ;
- Author
- Journal series
- Polymers, ISSN , e-ISSN 2073-4360, Biweekly
- Issue year
- 2021
- Vol
- 13
- No
- 6
- Pages
- [1-23]
- Article number
- 890
- Other elements of collation
- fot.; schem.; tab.; wykr.; Bibliografia (na s.) - 20-23; Bibliografia (liczba pozycji) - 79; Oznaczenie streszczenia - Abstr.; Numeracja w czasopiśmie - Vol. 13, Iss. 6, Spec. Iss.
- Substantive notes
- Special Issue: Green Chemistry in Polymer Science and Sustainable Polymers
- Keywords in English
- composite, mechanical properties, polylactide, surface treatment, vermiculite
- DOI
- DOI:10.3390/polym13060890 Opening in a new tab
- URL
- https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4360/13/6/890 Opening in a new tab
- Related project
- Opracowanie technologii wytwarzania hybrydowych kompozytów biodegradowalnych dla branży motoryzacyjnej. . Project leader at PK: , ,
- Language
- eng (en) English
- License
- Score (nominal)
- 100
- Additional fields
- Indeksowana w: Web of Science, Scopus
- Uniform Resource Identifier
- https://cris.pk.edu.pl/info/article/CUTa346203453ba41c8b3a846482c697558/
- URN
urn:pkr-prod:CUTa346203453ba41c8b3a846482c697558
* presented citation count is obtained through Internet information analysis, and it is close to the number calculated by the Publish or PerishOpening in a new tab system.