The effect of rare earth metals alloying on the internal quality of industrially produced heavy steel forgings
Authors:
- Petr Jonšta,
- Zdeněk Jonšta,
- Silvie Brožová,
- Manuela Ingaldi,
- Jacek Pietraszek,
- Dorota Klimecka-Tatar
Abstract
The paper presented the findings obtained by industrial research and experimental development on the use of rare earth metals (REMs) in the production of heavy steel ingots and their impact on the internal quality of the 42CrMo4 grade steel forging. REMs alloying was carried out after vacuuming the steel. A relatively large melting loss of cerium (about 50%) and its further decrease in casting due to reoxidation were observed. Refinement of structure and better mechanical properties of forged bar containing about 0.02 wt.% of Ce compared to that of the standard production were not achieved. The wind power shaft with content of about 0.06 wt.% of Ce showed high amount of REM inclusions, which were locally chained, and in some cases, initiated cracks. Four stoichiometrically different types of REM inclusions were detected in forgings, namely (La-Ce)2O2S + (La-Ce)O2 + SiO2 (minority); oxygen, phosphorus, arsenic, and antimony bound to lanthanum and cerium probably bonded with iron oxides La + Ce, MgO, Al2O3 a SiO2; (La-Ce)2O2S, FeO, SiO2, and CaO or CaS
- Record ID
- CUTdf69099f02ac405eb6138b5d397df3c7
- Publication categories
- ;
- Author
- Journal series
- Materials, ISSN , e-ISSN 1996-1944, Biweekly
- Issue year
- 2021
- Vol
- 14
- No
- 18
- Pages
- [1-19]
- Article number
- 5160
- Other elements of collation
- rys.; schem.; tab.; wykr.; Bibliografia (na s.) - 17-19; Bibliografia (liczba pozycji) - 65; Oznaczenie streszczenia - Abstr.; Numeracja w czasopiśmie - Vol. 14, Iss. 18, Spec. Iss.
- Substantive notes
- Tyt. Spec. Iss. : Quality Management Tools in the Design of Materials for Special Purposes
- Keywords in English
- heavy forgings, low-alloyed structural steels, rare earth metals (REMs), nonmetallic inclusions, structure, mechanical properties, industrial quality of material, special processes
- DOI
- DOI:10.3390/ma14185160 Opening in a new tab
- URL
- https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/14/18/5160 Opening in a new tab
- Language
- eng (en) English
- License
- Score (nominal)
- 140
- Additional fields
- Indeksowana w: Web of Science, Scopus
- Uniform Resource Identifier
- https://cris.pk.edu.pl/info/article/CUTdf69099f02ac405eb6138b5d397df3c7/
- URN
urn:pkr-prod:CUTdf69099f02ac405eb6138b5d397df3c7
* presented citation count is obtained through Internet information analysis, and it is close to the number calculated by the Publish or PerishOpening in a new tab system.