Operation of public transportation ticket vending machine in Kraków, Poland: an eye tracking study
Authors:
- Anton Pashkevich,
- Andrzej Szarata,
- Tomasz E. Burghardt,
- Rafał Jaremski,
- Matúš Šucha
Abstract
Whereas the majority of evaluations of self-service kiosks are based on interviews or observations and as such are burdened with personal bias, eye tracking was seen as a method for an objective analysis. To demonstrate the feasibility and usability of such an assessment technique, the task of purchasing a public transportation ticket from a modern ticket vending machine in Kraków, Poland was evaluated. The test participants relatively easily operated the machine with time taken to purchase a ticket ranging from 54 s for foreigners not familiar with the equipment to 29 s for local inhabitants. Even though the number of gazes recorded for the foreigners group was 2.4 times higher than for the local test participants, the fixation times were almost equal. Faulty or delayed operation of the payment terminal was a meaningful equipment issue encountered by eight test participants. The study demonstrated that the operation of the analysed ticket vending machine should not cause much trouble to anyone. The use of an eye tracker, which was employed for such an assessment for the first time, permitted the identification of possible operational ambiguities that could hinder the user experience without the bias associated with other assessment techniques. The used method was found to be efficient and the results provided valuable information.
- Record ID
- CUTba1f0a605b40441b8eb302dac4c5559b
- Publication categories
- ;
- Author
- Journal series
- Sustainability, ISSN , e-ISSN 2071-1050, Biweekly
- Issue year
- 2021
- Vol
- 13
- No
- 14
- Pages
- [1-15]
- Article number
- 7921
- Other elements of collation
- fot.; tab.; wykr.; Bibliografia (na s.) - 13-15; Bibliografia (liczba pozycji) - 54; Oznaczenie streszczenia - Abstr.; Numeracja w czasopiśmie - Vol. 13, Iss. 14, Spec. Iss.
- Substantive notes
- Special Issue: Energy and Information Management in Sustainable Transportation
- Keywords in English
- self-service kiosk, ticket purchase, tourism, point-of-sale, visual guidance, equipment fault, human error, gazes
- DOI
- DOI:10.3390/su13147921 Opening in a new tab
- URL
- https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/13/14/7921 Opening in a new tab
- Language
- eng (en) English
- License
- Score (nominal)
- 100
- Publication indicators
- = 1
- Additional fields
- Indeksowana w: Web of Science, Scopus
- Uniform Resource Identifier
- https://cris.pk.edu.pl/info/article/CUTba1f0a605b40441b8eb302dac4c5559b/
- URN
urn:pkr-prod:CUTba1f0a605b40441b8eb302dac4c5559b
* presented citation count is obtained through Internet information analysis, and it is close to the number calculated by the Publish or PerishOpening in a new tab system.